intro
Chinese name: diethylene glycol
Chinese alias: diethylene glycol; 2,2' -oxyethanol; Dihydroxydiethyl ether; Diethylene glycol ether; Diethylene glycol; 2-hydroxyethyl ether (or diethylene glycol, or diethylene glycol); 2,2' -oxyethanol; 2,2' -oxidethanol; Diglycol;
English alias :2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethanol ; 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-ethanol ; 2, 2 '- dihydroxyethylether; 2,2'-oxybis-ethano; 2,2'-oxydi-ethano; 2,2'-oxyethanol; 2, 2-di (hydroxyethyl) ethe; 2,2'-Dihydroxyethyl ethe; 2,2'-Oxyethanol; 3 - Oxa - 1, 5 - pentanediol; 3-oxapentane-1,5-diol; Bis(beta-hydroxyethyl) ether; bis(beta-hydroxyethyl)ether; Brecolane NDG;
Chemical formula :C4H10O3
Molecular weight :106.12
Numbering system
CAS number :111-46-6
MDL number :MFCD00002882
EINECS number :203-872-2
RTECS number :ID5950000
BRN number :969209
Physical property data
1. Properties: colorless, odorless, transparent, viscous liquid with hygroscopicity, spicy smell, non-corrosive.
2. Boiling point (ºC,101.3kPa):245
3. Melting point (ºC):-10.5
4. Relative density (g/mL,4ºC):1.118
5. Relative vapor density (g/mL, air =1):2.14
6. Refractive index (15ºC):1.4490
7. Refractive Index (20ºC):1.4472
8. Refractive index (n25) at normal temperature :1.446
9. Viscosity (mPa·s,20ºC):35.7
10. Viscosity (mPa·s,25ºC):30
11. Flash point (ºC, closed):143
12. Ignition point (ºC):229
13. Heat of evaporation (KJ/mol,b.p.):52.297
14. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol):2380.2
15. Specific heat capacity (KJ/(kg·K),20ºC, constant pressure):2.31
16. Electrical conductivity (S/m,20ºC):5.86×10
17. Vapor pressure (kPa,20ºC):<0.0013
18. Coefficient of body expansion (K,20ºC):0.000635
19. Lower explosive limit (%,V/V):0.7
20. Upper explosion limit (%,V/V):22
21. Solubility: It can be miscible with water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, chloroform, furfural, etc. It is immiscible with ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, etc.
22. Relative density (25ºC, 4ºC):1.1122
23. Critical temperature (ºC):476.85
24. Critical pressure (MPa):4.7
25. Solubility parameter (J·cm)0.5:27.775
26. Area of van der Waals (cm·mol):8.920×10
27.van der Waals volume (cm·mol):60.700
28. Gas phase standard heat of combustion (enthalpy)(kJ·mol):-2432.0
29. The gas phase standard claims heat (enthalpy)(kJ·mol) :-571.2
30. Liquid phase standard heat of combustion (enthalpy)(kJ·mol):-2374.7
31. The liquid phase standard claims heat (enthalpy)(kJ·mol):-628.5
32. Liquid phase standard hot melt (J·mol·K) :258.4
Toxicological data
1, stimulation: rabbit transdermal :500mg mild stimulation.
Rabbit transocular :50mg mild irritation.
2. Acute toxicity: oral LD50:12565mg/kg; Rabbit transdermal LD50:11890mg/kg
3. It is a microtoxin. It can be absorbed through the skin and has little irritation to the skin mucosa. Similar to ethylene glycol, it has inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. It can cause pathological changes of kidney and urinary calculus. A single oral lethal dose in humans is estimated to be 1mL/kg. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea occur about 24 hours after taking diethylene glycol. Headache, pain in the kidney area, transient polyuria followed by oliguria, drowsiness, mild facial edema and so on. He died in a coma within 2 to 7 days after anuria. Therefore, this product should be prohibited for medicinal purposes, to avoid long-term contact with the skin.
Ecological data
Slight hazard to water bodies.
Molecular structure data
1, molar refractive index :25.39
2, molar volume (cm/mol):95.9
3. Isotropic specific volume (90.2K):244.4
4, surface tension (dyne/cm):42.1
5. Polarizability (10cm):10.06
Computational chemical data
1. Reference value of hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP):-1.3
2. Number of hydrogen bond donors :2
3. Number of hydrogen bond receptors :3
4. Number of rotatable bonds :4
5. Number of tautomers: None
6. Topological molecular polar surface area 49.7
7. Number of heavy atoms :7
8. Surface charge :0
9. Complexity :26.1
10. Number of isotope atoms :0
11. Determine the number of protonic centers :0
12. Number of uncertain atomic stereocentes :0
13. Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers :0
14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenter :0
15. Number of covalent bond units :1
Property and stability
1. Avoid contact with oxide and moisture.
2. Colorless, odorless, transparent, viscous liquid with hygroscopicity. It has a spicy sweet taste. The solubility is similar to that of ethylene glycol, but the solubility of hydrocarbons is stronger. Diethylene glycol can be miscible with water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, chloroform, furfural, etc. It is immiscible with ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, etc. Rosin, shellac, cellulose acetate, and most oils are insoluble in diethylene glycol, but can dissolve cellulose nitrate, alkyd resins, polyester resins, polyurethane, and most dyes. Flammable, low toxicity. It has the general chemical properties of alcohol and ether.
3. It exists in tobacco leaves and smoke.
4. The symptoms after ingestion are similar to ethylene glycol, see Ethylene glycol.
Storage method
1. Keep in a cool, dry place. Ensure good ventilation in the workplace.
2. Keep away from fire and water sources. Store away from oxidants.
Synthesis method
Diethylene glycol is a byproduct of ethylene oxide production to ethanol.
Process flow:
By direct water method, ethylene oxide and water were mixed at 1:8 into the mixing reactor, and the reaction was carried out at 150ºCMPa for 40-60min to form a dewatering tower for further dehydration. The glycol mixture at the bottom of the tower is fed into the glycol tower, and more than 99.8% of the glycol can be obtained at the top of the tower. The liquid at the bottom of the tower is fed into the distillation column, and diethylene glycol is obtained from the top of the tower at the top temperature of 135-140ºC and the pressure of 4.0KPa. Continued separation, triethylene glycol diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol.
Refining method: the impurities are water, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and so on. It can be purified by fractional crystallization after vacuum distillation. 1650mL of diethylene glycol was used for decompression fractionation, 480mL of initial fraction was discarded, 1000mL of middle fraction was collected for stepwise crystallization, 700mL of diethylene glycol was obtained.
use
1. Mainly used as gas dehydrating agent and aromatic extraction solvent. It is also used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate, resin, grease, printing ink, textile softener, finishing agent, and extraction of coumarone and indene from coal tar. In addition, diethylene glycol is also used as a brake oil compound, celluloid softener, antifreeze and diluent in emulsion polymerization. Also used for rubber and resin plasticizers; Polyester resin; Fiberglass; Urethane foam; Production of lubricant viscosity improvers and other products. Used as synthetic unsaturated polyester resin.
2. Used as synthetic unsaturated polyester resin, plasticizer, etc. It is also used for antifreeze, gas dehydrating agent, plasticizer, solvent, aromatics extraction agent, cigarette moisture absorption agent, textile lubricant and finishing agent, paste and various kinds of glue anti-drying agent, VAT dye moisture absorption aid solvent and so on. It is a common solvent for oils, resins, nitrocellulose, etc.
Emergency handling method
First, leakage emergency treatment
Cut off the fire. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and normal fire protective clothing. Stop the leak while ensuring safety. Spray mist reduces evaporation. Mixed with sand or other non-combustible adsorbents. It is then transported to an open area for burial, evaporation, or incineration. If a large number of leaks, use the embankment to contain, and then collect, transfer, recycling or harmless disposal of waste.
Second, protective measures
Respiratory protection: When the concentration in the air is high, you should wear a gas mask. In case of emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Eye protection: Wear chemical safety glasses.
Body protection: Wear ESD clothes.
Hand protection: Wear protective gloves.
Others: Smoking is strictly prohibited on site. Avoid prolonged and repeated exposure.
Third, first aid measures
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse thoroughly with soapy water and clean water.
Eye contact: Immediately open the upper and lower eyelids and rinse with running water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Remove from site to fresh air. Give oxygen for difficulty breathing. When breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion: If ingested by mistake, gargle with water, drink enough warm water, induce vomiting, seek medical attention immediately.
Safety information
Dangerous goods mark: inflammable, toxic and harmful.
Security ID :S46S36.
Hazard identification :R22.
Security terminology
S46If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. If swallowed, seek medical attention immediately and show the container or label.
S36Wear suitable protective clothing. Wear appropriate protective clothing.
Risk terminology
R22Harmful if swallowed. Harmful if swallowed.
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